Hadean
Hadean Eon
4567 Ma
→ Permian · 252 Ma
HISTORY OF EARTH
The geologic time scale · Eons, Eras, Periods, Epochs and the major mass extinctions
← older · ages in millions of years (Ma) · present →
MASS EXTINCTIONS
1
End-Ordovician · 444 Ma
2
Late Devonian · 372 Ma
3
End-Permian - the Great Dying · 252 Ma
4
End-Triassic · 201 Ma
5
End-Cretaceous / K-Pg · 66 Ma
present-day biodiversity crisis (debated, ongoing)
Hadean
Archean
Proterozoic
Phanerozoic
no formal subdivision
Eoarchean
Paleoarchean
Mesoarchean
Neoarchean
Paleoproterozoic
Mesoproterozoic
Neoproterozoic
Paleozoic
Mesozoic
Cenozoic
no formal subdivision
no formal subdivision
no formal subdivision
no formal subdivision
no formal subdivision
Siderian
Rhyacian
Orosirian
Statherian
Calymmian
Ectasian
Stenian
Tonian
Cryogenian
Ediacaran
Cambrian
Ordovician
Silurian
Devonian
Carboniferous
Permian
Triassic
Jurassic
Cretaceous
Paleogene
Neogene
Quaternary
no formal subdivision
no formal subdivision
no formal subdivision
no formal subdivision
no formal subdivision
no formal subdivision
no formal subdivision
no formal subdivision
no formal subdivision
no formal subdivision
no formal subdivision
no formal subdivision
no formal subdivision
no formal subdivision
no formal subdivision
Terreneuvian
Series 2
Miaolingian
Furongian
Early
Middle
Late
Llandovery
Wenlock
Ludlow
Pridoli
Early
Middle
Late
Mississippian
Pennsylvanian
Cisuralian
Guadalupian
Lopingian
Early
Middle
Late
Early
Middle
Late
Early
Late
Paleocene
Eocene
Oligocene
Miocene
Pliocene
Pleistocene
Holocene
EON
ERA
PERIOD
EPOCH
4567
4031
2500
1600
1000
538.8
485
443.8
419.2
358.9
298.9
251.9
201.4
145
66
23
2.6
0
million years ago (Ma)
1
2
3
4
5
Horizontal scale is not linear: very long intervals are logarithmically compressed for legibility - read the ages along the axis for true proportions. Boundary ages follow ICS (2023); Phanerozoic period/era colors follow the ICS/CGMW standard. The Hadean is informal; Cambrian "Series 2" is unnamed; the Anthropocene was not ratified as a formal epoch (2024).
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